Against this background, the report ‘Precautions for heavy rain occasions and measures for water-sensitive city development’ and a dialogue paper on local weather-resistant city development assess the current state of heavy rain preparedness in Germany and develop suggestions for adaptation strategies. Davydov close to trendy Ulan-Ude now recognized as the Ivolga stone, displayed in the Irkutsk State Historical Museum. Record flood crests had been noticed on multiple rivers in the state. In 2006, the Deer Stone Project of the Smithsonian Institution and Mongolian Academy of Sciences began to report the stones digitally with 3-D laser scanning. A number of monuments labeled as “deer stones” have been found as far because the Ural, Crimea or even the Elbe river, in a Scythian context (600-300 BCE). The face is sometimes only depicted symbolically, with a number of common slash marks (//, ///). Rein holders first seem in China at Yinxu circa 1200 BCE, and have been in all probability introduced in China from the Northern Zones. Scytho-Siberia model are all animals of the northern forest or forest-steppe. Unlike the reindeer, however, these animals are depicted in a extra natural fashion. Okladinkov identified the deer photographs as reindeer, dated the stone’s carving to the 6th-seventh centuries BC, and concluded from its placement and other images that it was associated with funerary rituals, and was a monument to a warrior chief of high social prominence.

The artistic depictions of animals on deer Stones are the earliest acknowledged sort of Animal style. The unfold of animal type and Sayan-Altai deer stones was supported by the westward migration of Scythian groups, which came to be often known as Saka or Sarmatians in Greek records. So far, the primary proof of horse riding in eastern Eurasia dates to the early 1st millennium BCE in the Altai Mountains, and uncontrovertible proof within the type of horse saddles dates to four hundred BCE solely, from the Saka sites of the Pazyryk culture. To the southeast, the Upper Xiajiadian culture is considered because the earliest “Scythian” (Saka) tradition in North China, beginning the ninth century BCE. Deer stones tradition then might have unfold westward under the strain of the Slab-grave culture, to satisfy with an early Scythian Altai tradition, the place the Sayan-Altai type of deer stones then developed. Cimmerian stone stelae-Kurgan stelae could also be a part of the reply. The stones don’t occur alone, usually with a number of different stone monuments, typically carved, typically not. Later cultures are identified to have typically reused the stones in their very own burial mounds (generally known as kheregsüürs) and for other functions.

Early Nomads and that of their instant predecessors, relies upon upon the emergence of an creative tradition among the searching-dependent Bronze Age cultures of South Siberia and Mongolia. Genetic analyses of individuals buried in Late Bronze Age (LBA) burial mounds associated with the Deer Stone-Khirigsuur Complex (DSKC) in northern Mongolia, discovered that these individuals primarily derived from Khövsgöl LBA supply (about 4-7% Sintashta and 93-96% Baikal EBA). Bronze Age gold earrings, Burgastain gol, Uvs Province, Mongolia. The development of animal styles there may have been the results of contacts with the nomads of Mongolia within the 9th – 8th centuries BCE. The earliest domesticated horses in Mongolia belong to the individuals of the Deer Stone culture. Although horses seem to have been central to the life-style of the deer stone builders, it is unclear if their horses were used for riding or for pulling carts. Deers feature prominently in almost all of the deer stones. The decorative flying deers would actually be the tattoos on the body of the deceased, as seen with the tattoos of an ice mummy from Pazyryk. Weapons and tools will be seen all through all the stones, although weapons make a stronger appearance within the Sayan-Altai stones.

There are lots of widespread images that seem in deer stones, as well as a multitude of ways they are introduced. Other artwork from the identical interval additional emphasizes the connection between the reindeer and the solar, which is a quite common affiliation in Siberian shamanism. This lack of ornate detailing indicates the lack of supernatural importance of such animals, taking an obvious backseat against the reindeer. As these deer pictures also appear in warrior tattoos, it is feasible that reindeer had been believed to offer protection from dangerous forces. Particularly within the Sayan-Altai stones, a multitude of other animals are current in deer stone imagery. Various tools typical of chariot riding additionally seem in the drawing of the deer stones, corresponding to rein holders. Actually, amongst all of the pictures accessible from the deer Stones, none represent a rider on a horse. The world of the Mongolian plateau corresponding to the Deerstone-Khirigsuurs culture has been identified as a “major region of origin for chariot and horse use in East Asia (and their related weapons and tools), and likewise the possible source for the chariots and horses employed at Anyang” (the Chinese Shang capital), contributing weapon expertise and designs, as properly as the horse chariot itself.