So you won’t be wasting your time moving your cleaner back and forth on your carpets to get it clean. At the same time that these reagent chemicals are working down through the light-sensitive layers, other reagent chemicals are working through the film layers above. You can do the same thing starting down at 500 or 1,000 rpm and working your way up, giving you an impression of total engine output. Another thing you can see from a car’s horsepower curve is the place where the engine has maximum power. But what is horsepower, and how much horsepower does a horse have? So if you took a 1-horsepower horse and put it on a treadmill, it could operate a generator producing a continuous 746 watts. Presumably, a horse producing 1 horsepower would burn 641 Calories in one hour if it were 100 percent efficient. In short, 1 horsepower is equal to 33,000 foot-pounds per minute. He then increased that number by 50 percent and pegged the measurement of one horsepower at 33,000 foot-pounds of work in one minute.

Some countries use a similar but distinct unit of power measurement known as the metric horsepower. This unit is officially defined as the amount of power it takes to raise a 75-kilogram mass one meter upwards in one second, and one metric horsepower is roughly equal to 98.6 percent of a standard horsepower unit. Just about every car ad on TV mentions it, people talking about their cars bandy the word about and even most lawn mowers have a big sticker on them to tell you how much horsepower the engine has. What is the use of horsepower in cars? The following table shows you the horsepower and weight for several high-performance cars (and one low-performance car for comparison). Although the steam engine is no longer relevant, all other engines and motors are subject to the same laws of physics, and that makes horsepower handy as a measurement standard. You could get the same 100 pound-feet of torque by applying 1 pound of force to the end of a 100-foot handle or 100 pounds of force to a 1-foot handle. Flush (the method of applying stain remover to loosen staining materials and residue from stain removers) with a dry-cleaning solvent.

What you are doing is applying a torque, or turning force, of 100 pound-feet (50 pounds to a 2-foot-long handle) to the bolt. What dynamometers actually measure is torque (in pound-feet), and to convert torque to horsepower you simply multiply torque by rpm/5,252. Chances are you’ve heard about horsepower. When you are trying to accelerate quickly, you want to try to keep the engine close to its maximum horsepower point on the curve. How do you calculate horsepower? That is why you often downshift to accelerate: By downshifting, you increase engine rpm, which typically moves you closer to the peak horsepower point on the curve. You will often see this expressed in a brochure or a review in a magazine as “320 HP @ 6500 rpm, 290 lb-ft torque @ 5000 rpm” (the figures for the 1999 Shelby Series 1). When people say an engine has “lots of low-end torque,” what they mean is that the peak torque occurs at a fairly low rpm value, like 2,000 or 3,000 rpm. Then you apply additional load to get it down to 6,000 rpm, and so on.

You can get an idea of how a dynamometer works in the following way: Imagine that you turn on a car engine, put it in neutral and floor it. A dynamometer places a load on the engine and measures the amount of power that the engine can produce against the load. Contains only one active ingredient (potassium hydroxide), in a very small amount. If you took that 746 watts and ran it through an electric heater for an hour, it would produce 2,545 BTU (where a BTU is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1 degree F). Dry vapor means the output has liquid water content of less than 5 percent. Watt lived from 1736 to 1819 and is most famous for his work on improving the power output of steam engines. He found that, on average, a draft horse could do 22,000 foot-pounds of work in a minute. An average horse exerting one horsepower can theoretically raise 33,000 pounds of coal one foot in a minute, or 33 pounds of coal 1,000 feet in one minute, or 1,000 pounds 33 feet in one minute. The term horsepower was invented by the engineer James Watt.