Never mix bleach or any bleach-containing product with any cleaner containing ammonia. You will be amazed at how eager people are to give an honest report and let you know how a product worked for them. Dr. Steele conceded that he did not know the parameters of the relevant software beyond the guess that it probably used some variation of the Tanimoto coefficient along with other factors. How well each chemical is able to destroy harmful pathogens and make untreated water truly safe to drink depends on multiple factors like the temperature, pH, cloudiness of the water, and how long the chemical is left to dissolve and fully take effect. If there is excess water, it could potentially penetrate through the sealant into the grout leaving unwanted mold and mildew. If you’re using fabric shower curtains, wash them on high heat weekly to ensure that they are clear of mold build up. Should Your Shower Door Glass Cleaner Be Scented? It’s particularly effective at unclogging shower drains because it can be used in standing water. The fourth stage involves the separation of starch and gluten, as underflow and overflow respectively, from the water slurry by centrifugation.

The court noticed that some of the results from the searches were bizarre and curious, because several compounds (4-Phenylbutylamine and butanoic acid) came up as being more similar to BD and GBH, respectively, than BD and GBH were to each other. The first software program, Chemfinder, uses the Tanimoto coefficient to calculate structural similarity between compounds. I first learned about this at a Sheffield Chemoinformatics Conference talk some years back, but I can’t figure out who the speaker was. What the reviews say: “If there was a Nobel Prize for housekeeping, I’d nominate the person who designed this vacuum,” one Amazon shopper raves. Dr. Steele attempted to justify his method by stating that substructures alone do not suffice to distinguish one chemical from another. Both doctors stated that a visual assessment was the best method of forming an opinion on structural similarity and is generally accepted in the scientific community. Without more, the court finds that both doctors had sufficient facts and data before them in forming their opinions. There were two government witnesses, Dr. James DeFrancesco, a forensic drug chemist for the DEA, and Dr. Richard Irwin, a biochemist/toxicologist with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences: Both doctors, in determining the chemical structures of BD and GHB and assessing the similarity of the two chemical structures, viewed both molecules in their two-dimensional static state and formed opinions based on their knowledge, skill, and experience.

Now’s the point where the trial judge gets a bit juicy: In a move that would make Las Vegas odds-makers and Enron accountants proud, Dr. Steele unnecessarily compared the entire structures of BD and GHB with each other in calculating the Tanimoto coefficient of the substructures of the two molecules. Enhance the protection of your valuable assets by installing a whole-house water treatment system either at the point of entry (POE) to your home or nearby. A hydrogen atom from one molecule of water bonds with the oxygen atom from another molecule. Finally, one would start in the middle of a molecule and work out toward the ends stopping after the next to last substructures on both ends. While trying to schedule MDMA (the technical name for the active ingredient in ecstasy), the DEA failed to comply with the requirements, which resulted in an invalid scheduling and having to start the long process over again.

Over a two-year period, FBI agents used an undercover e-mail account to purchase from the Browns approximately 23.5 gallons of products containing 1,4-butanediol. … When a current of electricity is passed through a glass tube containing krypton at low pressure, a bluish white light is emitted. However, the court found this answer unsatisfactory since two distinct molecules may be entirely comprised of the same substructures which are nonetheless arranged differently. This caused Irwin (a government expert witness) to be stunned and extremely surprised if a chemist would make those same judgements. Though it is supposed to make your deck non-slippery, I would like to warn users that the result can be the opposite when you use too much. Scientists are also looking for abnormalities in the brain structures that make up the limbic system. If, during this repeated activation, something interrupts the process – let’s say a concussion or other brain trauma – then short-term memory cannot be consolidated. Moreover, both government witnesses explained the significance of the metabolization process on their analysis of chemical structure. Quoting now from the district court judgement (the previous quotes were from the appeals court) we see that the courts interpret similarity as what a reasonable layperson would decide: Turning to the issue at hand, the Defendants contend that the term “similar in chemical structure” is not defined by statute and should be explained as it is used in the scientific community.